After a huge success of “Chandrayaan-1,” ISRO is ready to launch its second lunar mission in the month of October 2018 called “Chandrayaan-2”. now, this topic is very important for the competitive exam as well for students. Chandrayan-2 become a most reliable current affairs topic for an upcoming exam.
Chandrayaan-2
ISRO is now geared up for it latest mission to the moon called Chandrayaan 2 in January 2019. under this lunar Mission, ISRO will for the first time attempt to Land Rover on the moon’s south pole.Chandrayaan-2 test is under progress and the spacecraft will be launched by GSLV Mark II. the mission will encourage new experiments by the use and testing of new technologies.
After reaching the Moon’s Orbit the Lander of Chandrayaan-2 will be detached automatically and do a soft landing near the South Pole of the Moon. the 6 wheelers rover fix within the Lander will then be detached and move on the lunar surface. Many newspapers are claiming that Gaganyaan Mission or Chandrayaan-2 lunar mission is a part of India’s ambition to land an Indian on Moon in 2023.
चंद्रयान-2 के तैयारियों में जुटा इसरो
- डिजाइन में सुधार और वजन बढ़ाने की जरूर
- पहले कुल प्रक्षेपण वजन 3,250 किलोग्राम, अब यह 3,850 किलोग्राम होगा
- ऑर्बिटर का वजन 2,379 किलोग्राम
- लैंडर का वजन 1,471 किलोग्राम
- रोवर का वजन 27 किलोग्राम
- ऑर्बिटर में आठ, लैंडर में चार और रोवर में दो पेलोड
- चंद्रयान-2 के लिए ‘केए बैंड राडार अल्टीमीटर तैयार यह पे-लोड चंद्रयान-2 के लैंडर में लगेगा
- इंटीग्रेशन के बाद परीक्षण की प्रक्रियाएं शुरू होंगी
- ‘केए बैंड राडार अल्टीमीटर और एचडीए | प्रोसेसर’ लैंडर का मुख्य पे-लोड विकास पूर्णतः स्वदेशी तकनीक से अहमदाबाद के केंद्र ने किया है।
- चंद्रयान-2 का प्रक्षेपण जीएसएलवी मार्क-3 से होगा|
- जीएसएलवी मार्क-3 के क्रायोजेनिक इंजन का सफल परीक्षण
चंद्रयान-2 मिशन का मकसद
- चंद्रमा की सतह में मौजूद तत्त्वों का अध्ययन, चट्टान और मिट्टी किन तत्त्वों से बनी हैं गड्डों और चोटियों की संरचना का पता लगाना|
- चंद्रमा की सतह पर प्लाज्मा घनत्व उसमें होने वाले परिवर्तन
- चंद्रमा के ध्रुवों के पास की तापीय गुण का पता लगाना|
- चंद्रमा के आयनोस्फेयर में इलेक्ट्रॉनों की मात्रा का अध्ययन
- खनिज, पानी और हाइड्रॉक्सिल के निशान ढूंढ़ने की कोशिश
- चंद्रमा की सतह की त्रिआयामी तस्वीरें लेने का काम
The rover will then send data and images of the lunar surface back to the earth. at the time of the launch Chandrayaan-2 weight 3250 kilograms. totally the indigenous mission will cost an estimated 800 crore rupees.
Chandrayaan-1
Chandrayaan-1 was India’s first mission to the moon, it operated for almost a year between October 2008 and August 2009. the Lunar Orbiter is best known for helping to discover evidence of water molecules on the Moon.
The human being has achieved success in their quest for Life supporting element from the moon. Scientists have confirmed the presence of ice deposits on the surface of the moon. for the first time, ever data from Chandrayaan-1 has confirmed Ice deposit at both the North and South Pole of Moon. Scientists believe they can be used for future expeditions and sustaining longer home stays on the moon.
The moon has fascinated the world’s scientist for many centuries both are supported dreams of sustaining human life on this celestial body and now the scientist has achieved a major breakthrough that would make this dream come true.
The discovery of life-supporting water on the moon surface. data from Chandrayaan 1 spacecraft launched by the Indian Space Research Organisation in 2008 has confirmed the presence of frozen water deposits In the darkest and coldest part of the Moon’s polar regions.
The result comes from the Moon mineralogy mapper of M3 instrument abort Chandrayaan.M3 was uniquely equipped to confirm the presence of solid ice on Moon.
According to the Study published in the journal Science magazine with titled Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences earlier this week.
- The Ice deposits are patchily distributed, and could possibly the ancient.
- As the Lunar’s the South Pole most of the ice are concentrated in craters.
- In the Lunar North Pole, the water ice is most sparse and more widely spread.
- The M3 instrument identified 3 specific signatures of the water ice on the lunar surface.
- Water-ice executed reflective properties of ice.
- M3 also directly measured the distinctive way to the molecules of ice absorb infrared light.
Lead by Dr Suihai From the Hawaii Institute of Geophysics and Planetology, the Research team meet use of the method called near-infrared reflectance Spectroscopy to detect the presence of Ice.
This Discovery makes moon potentially habitable destination and stepping stone for future space missions as it would be easier to tap the water from the ice on the surface that the previous be detected ice buried Beneath the surface.
Sciences believe that the ice on the Moon surface can be turned into drinking water for occupants of a Lunar phase. Scientists are also exploring the possibility of splitting it into hydrogen and oxygen for rocket fuel. oxygen could also be used for breathing by astronauts.
Nasa is now focusing on understanding the distribution of ice on the moon.this will be a key step ahead and long-term ambition plan to explore Earth closest neighbour.
India’s efforts to send a mission to the moon are not new. after the very successful first mission to the moon, Chandrayaan 1. scientist and now gearing up for India’s second stunt with the moon, Chandrayaan.
- The idea was first mooted at the Indian Science Academy meeting in 1999 under the Indian scientific missions.
- The proposal was discussed once again at the astronautical society of India in the year 2000.
- The recommendations at this forum, ISRO forms a national lunar mission task force.
- Following which the government approved ISRO proposal of its first mission to the moon Chandrayaan 1 in November 2003.
Chandrayaan-1, With the successful launch of Chandrayaan 1 on 22nd October 2008, India gained entry into the elite Club of nations that have successfully completed the Moon mission.
- The main objectives of the mission were to detect the presence of water on the Moon provide high-resolution chemical and mineral imaging of the entire surface of the moon and prepare 3D Atlas of both the far and near sides of the moon.
- It was raised to 200 km in may 2009.
- Chandrayaan operated for 312 days as opposed to the intended 2 years but the mission achieved 95% of its planned objective.
Chandrayan-1 Mission Objectives
Chandrayan-1 was India’s first lunar probe, launched successfully by the Indian Space Research Organisation on 22nd October 2008 From Satish Dhawan Space Centre in Sriharikota.
- it was an unmanned spacecraft weighing 1382 Kilogram.
- Onboard power of 700 watts.
- Launched from PSLV C 11 launch vehicle.
- The satellite made more than 3400 orbits around the moon.
- The spacecraft carried 11 scientific payloads, built in India UK, USA Germany Bulgaria and Sweden.
- The spacecraft was designed to study the moon including chemical, mineralogical and photo-geological
- Mapping orbiting around it at the height of hundred km from the lunar surface.
Chandrayan-1 Provided a major boost to the Indian Space Program as India effectively researched and indigenously developed the technology to explore the moon. the main objective of the missions was to design, develop, launch an Orbit a spacecraft around the moon using an Indian-made launch-vehicle.
- Prepare a three-dimensional analysis of both the near and the far side of the Moon.
- Mapping chemical and mineralogical features of the entire lunar surface at high resolution.
- Mapping particularly the chemical elements magnesium, aluminium, Silicon, calcium, Iron, Titanium rate on uranium and Thorium.
Detect Water ice on the Moon, Chandigarh one detected evidence of water across the lunar surface. NASA is instrument moon mineralogy Napa about Chandrayaan-1 help to find the existence of water molecules on the lunar surface. its findings also include confirmation of the Magma Ocean Hypothesis meaning the moon was once completely molten. Terrain mapping camera on both Chandrayaan 1 has recorded images of the landing site of US spacecraft Apollo 15.
Chandrayaan-1 Achievements
- Confirmed magma ocean hypothesis, meaning the moon was once completely molten
- Terrain mapping camera recorded images of the landing site of US spacecraft Apollo 15
- The studied interaction between the solar wind and a planetary body like the moon without a magnetic field
- Chandrayaan-1’s X-ray Spectrometer detected titanium, confirmed the presence of calcium, and gathered most accurate measurements yet of magnesium, aluminium and iron on the lunar surface.
Update 3-10-2018
India’s ambitious Chandrayaan-2 missions which were earlier scheduled for October has been postponed till January 2019.
Israel is also planning to launch a moon mission in December this year, it will be a race between India and Israel for the fourth position in the world to soft land on the moon.
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